Diabetes
Mellitus, or commonly known as Diabetes, is a chronic medical condition in
which the patient suffers from a higher than normal sugar level in the blood
stream. This could be because either the person’s pancreas is not able to
generate sufficient insulin or because the cells are not responding to the
insulin that is generated.
Some of
the key symptoms of diabetes comprise increased blood glucose levels, weight
loss, blurred vision, dehydration, nausea, fatigue and loss of glucose in
urine.
In a
normal person, the blood glucose levels are strongly
controlled by insulin. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas. When the
blood glucose level rises, insulin is released from the pancreas in order to
balance the glucose level. The absence or inadequate production of insulin
causes hyperglycaemia inside diabetic patients.
Diabetes
can be identified by taking fasting blood glucose (sugar) test. The test is
convenient and easy to perform. After the overnight fasting of the patient, a
single blood sample is taken and sent to the laboratory for diagnosis.
Alternatively, it can also be accurately measured inside a doctor’s clinic with
the help of a glucose meter.
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